GRACE HOPPER SOFTWARE
GRACE HOPPER CODE

Hopper's work led to the development of the FLOW-MATIC. She worked on the UNIVAC, the first large-scale commercial computer. She also served as an officer in the Naval Reserve.

GRACE HOPPER SOFTWARE

She continued working on software for the other computers. She did not return to her teaching career after the war. After the war, she was still interested in computers.

The Navy began using one of the first electronic computers in 1944. Hopper was assigned to the Bureau of Ordnance Computation Project to work on missile problems in 1943. Hopper, a mathematician, was on the faculty at Vassar College when World War II began. It became used in government, industry, and commerce. The spread of COBOL led to it becoming the universal language for business coding. It was successful since it was not copyrighted, so many programmers could use it. She led the work of COBOL language, which was based very much on her philosophy.

GRACE HOPPER CODE

She had the idea that programs could be written in a language that was close to English rather than in machine code or languages (such as assembly language) close to machine code, which is how it was normally done at that time. She developed the first compiler for a computer programming language. She was one of the first people to work with modern digital computers and the first programmers of the Harvard Mark I calculator. She retired from the Navy in 1986 and died on January 1, 1992. She then worked in other private industry companies after 1949. She worked on computers in the Navy for 43 years. She joined the US Navy during the World War II in 1943.

Hopper graduated from Vassar College in 1928 and Yale University in 1934 with a Ph.D degree in mathematics. She was behind the development of COBOL in the 1960s was the first person to use the phrase 'bug' for programming faults, and was posthumously given the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2016.Commodore Grace M. in mathematics from Yale University and was a professor of mathematics at Vassar College before joining the Navy reserves during World War II. Grace Hopper (1906-1992) was one of the first programmers of the Harvard Mark I computer, and invented compilers and machine independant programming languages, which underpin most of modern computing. Later, as components shrank and computer speeds increased, Hopper used grains of pepper to represent the distance electricity traveled in a picosecond, one trillionth of a second (one thousandth of a nanosecond).Reference: Kathleen Broome Williams, Grace Hopper: Admiral of the Cyber Sea, Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 2004. The 'nanoseconds' in this bundle were among those Hopper brought with her to hand out to Smithsonian docents at a March 1985 lecture at NMAH. Grace Murray Hopper (1906вЂ“1992), a mathematician who became a naval officer and computer scientist during World War II, started distributing these wire 'nanoseconds' in the late 1960s in order to demonstrate how designing smaller components would produce faster computers. Each piece of wire represents the distance an electrical signal travels in a nanosecond, one billionth of a second. This bundle consists of about one hundred pieces of plastic-coated wire, each about 30 cm (11.8 in) long. A bundle of her nanosecond wires are in the Smithsonian Museum (left photo above).ДЇrom the Smithsonian Collection Website, under a CC0 license: This lecture was given at MIT Lincoln Laboratory on 25 April 1985 (video above) she used the short wires as a visual teaching method from the late 60s. She wanted programmers to understand 'just what they're throwing away when they throw away a millisecond', and describes using them to help military commanders understand why signals take so long to relay via satellite. Each wire is cut to the maximum distance that light or electricity can travel in a nanosecond, one billionth of a second. Grace Hopper, a computer scientist and US Navy Rear Admiral, used wire to visualise very short durations of time in computing.

Grace hopper